Annexe

Classifying the Creative Industries

CREATIVE INDUSTRIES AND THEIR 13 SUBMARKETS (NOGA 2008 CODES)
According to the approach used by the ZCCE and FOC

NOGA6       Description
Code

1 Music industry
— 182000   Reproduction of recorded media
— 322000   Manufacture of musical instruments
— 475901   Retail sale of musical instruments
— 476300   Retail sale of music and video recordings in specialised stores (Share)*
— 563002   Discos, dance halls, night clubs
— 592000   Sound recording and music publishing activities (Share)*
— 799002   Other reservation services and related activities (Share)*
— 855200   Cultural education (Share)*
— 900102   Orchestras, choirs, musicians
— 900200   Support activities to performing arts (Share)*
— 900400   Operation of arts facilities (Share)*

2 Book market
— 476100   Retail sale of books in specialised stores
— 581100   Book publishing
— 592000   Sound recording and music publishing activities (Share)
— 743000   Translation and interpretation activities
— 900302   Other artistic and literary activities (Share)*

3 Art market
— 910100   Library and archives activities (Share)*
— 477805   Art trade
— 477901   Retail sale of antiques
— 855200   Cultural education (Share)*
— 900301   Painters, sculptors and other self-employed artists
— 900302   Other artistic and literary activities (Share)*
— 910200   Museums activities (Share)
— 910300   Operation of historical sites and buildings and similar visitor attractions (Share)

4 Film industry
— 476300   Retail sale of music and video recordings in specialised stores (Share)*
— 591100   Motion picture, video and television programme production activities
— 591200   Motion picture, video and television programme post-production activities
— 591300   Motion picture, video and television programme distribution activities
— 591400   Motion picture projection activities
— 772200   Renting of video tapes and disks (Share)
— 900101   Theatre and ballet companies (Share)*
— 900200   Support activities to performing arts (Share)*

5 Broadcasting market
— 601000   Radio broadcasting
— 602000   Television programming and broadcasting activities

6 Performing arts market
— 799002   Other reservation services and related activities (Share)*
— 855200   Cultural education (Share)*
— 900101   Theatre and ballet companies (Share)*
— 900200   Support activities to performing arts (Share)*
— 900400   Operation of arts facilities (Share)*

7 Design industry
— 702100   Public relations and communication activities (Share)
— 702200   Business and other management consultancy activities (Share)
— 731100   Advertising agencies (Share)*
— 741001   Industrial and product design
— 741002   Graphic design and visual communication
— 742001   Photographers (Share)*
— 742002   Photographic laboratories (Share)*
— 823000   Organisation of conventions and trade shows

8 Architecture market
— 711101   Architects
— 711102   Town and country planning (Share)
— 711103   Landscape architects
— 741003   Interior and spatial design

9 Advertising market
— 731100   Advertising agencies (Share)*
— 731200   Media representation

10 Software and games industry
— 582100   Publishing of computer games
— 582900   Other software publishing
— 620100   Computer programming activities
— 631200   Web portals

11 Crafts market
— 321201   Manufacture of other ceramic products
— 321202   Working of precious and decorative stones
— 234900   Manufacture of jewellery, gold and silversmith work n.e.c.

12 Press market
— 476201   Retail sale of newspapers and magazines, newspaper stands
— 581300   Publishing of newspapers
— 581400   Publishing of journals and periodicals
— 581900   Other publishing activities
— 639100   News agency activities
— 742001   Photographers (Share)*
— 742002   Photographic laboratories (Share)*
— 900303   Freelance journalists

13 Audio-visual technology market
— 263000   Manufacture of communication equipment (Share)
— 264000   Manufacture of consumer electronics
— 474300   Retail sale of audio and video equipment in specialised stores

Classifying the Creative Economy

A) CREATIVE OCCUPATIONS AND THEIR SEGMENTS (ISCO 2008 CODES)
According to the approach used by UK’s DCMS and Nesta

ISCO4    Description
Code

Creative services

1 Advertising and marketing
— 1221   Sales and marketing managers
— 1222   Advertising and public relations managers
— 2431   Advertising and marketing professionals
— 2432   Public relations professionals

2 Architecture
— 2161   Building architects
— 2164   Town and traffic planners
— 3112   Civil engineering technicians

3 Design: product, graphic and fashion design
— 2163   Product and garment designers
— 2166   Graphic and multimedia designers
— 3432   Interior designers and decorators

4 IT, software and computer services
— 1330   Information and communications technology services managers
— 2511   Systems analysts
— 2512   Software developers
— 2513   Web and multimedia developers

Content production

5 Crafts
— 7221   Blacksmiths, hammersmiths and forging press workers
— 7314   Potters and related workers
— 7316   Sign writers, decorative painters, engravers and etchers
— 7318   Handicraft workers in textile, leather and related materials
— 7522   Cabinet-makers and related workers

6 Film, TV, video, radio and photography
— 2654   Film, stage and related directors and producers
— 3431   Photographers
— 3521   Broadcasting and audiovisual technicians

7 Publishing
— 2641   Authors and related writers
— 2642   Journalists

8 Museums, galleries and libraries
— 2621   Archivists and curators
— 2622   Librarians and related information professionals

9 Music, performing and visual arts
— 2651   Visual artists
— 2652   Musicians, singers and composers
— 2653   Dancers and choreographers
— 2655   Actors

B) CREATIVE INDUSTRIES AND THEIR SEGMENTS (NACE 2008 CODES)
According to the approach used by UK’s DCMS and Nesta

NOGA4    Description
Code

Creative services

1 Advertising and marketing
— 7021    Public relations and communication activities
— 7311    Advertising agencies
— 7312    Media representation

2 Architecture
— 7111    Architectural and engineering activities and related technical consultancy

3 Design: product, graphic and fashion design
— 7410    Specialised design activities

4 IT, software and computer services
— 5821    Publishing of computer games
— 5829    Other software publishing
— 6201    Computer programming activities
— 6202    Computer consultancy activities

5 Crafts
— 3212    Manufacture of jewellery and related articles

Content production

6 Film, TV, video, radio and photography
— 5911    Motion picture, video and television programme production activities
— 5912    Motion picture, video and television programme post-production activities
— 5913    Motion picture, video and television programme distribution activities
— 5914    Motion picture projection activities
— 6010    Radio broadcasting
— 6020    Television programming and broadcasting activities
— 7420    Photographic activities

7 Publishing
— 5811    Book publishing
— 5812    Publishing of directories and mailing lists
— 5813    Publishing of newspapers
— 5814    Publishing of journals and periodicals
— 5819    Other publishing activities
— 7430    Translation and interpretation activities

8 Museums, galleries and libraries
— 9101    Library and archives activities
— 9102    Museums activities

9 Music, performing and visual arts
— 5920    Sound recording and music publishing activities
— 8552    Cultural education
— 9001    Performing arts
— 9002    Support activities to performing arts
— 9003    Artistic creation
— 9004    Operation of arts facilities

Terminology and Keywords

Creative economies
This concept no longer structures the creative industry along submarkets, but instead focuses on the interrelations between a creative core, an extended sphere and a collocated sphere. Actors and organisations in the creative core are active in uncertain constellations and develop alternative scenarios, ones not linearly derivable from the status quo. In the collocated sphere, organisations ensure the necessary conditions — technological, infrastructural, financial, etc. — essential for effectively disseminating, implementing or asserting new ideas, designs or claims of the creative core. Between these two spheres lies a broad palette of initiatives and organisations. These act as interfaces and translators between the core and the collocated sphere: the extended sphere.

Creative industries (CH)
The following submarkets are covered: music industry, book market, art market, film industry, broadcasting industry, performing arts market, design industry, architecture market, advertising market, software and games industry, crafts market, press market, audio-visual technology market.

Creative industries (UK)
Industries defined as creative by Nesta resp. UK’s DCMS.

Creative economy
Those employed in creative industries (either in creative occupations or other roles) and those employed in creative occupations outside the creative industries.

Creative intensity
The proportion of industry employment that is in the set of occupations considered as creative.

Creative non-specialist
Someone employed in the creative industries in an occupation which is not considered as being creative.

Creative occupation
Occupations defined as being creative by Nesta resp. UK’s DCMS.

Creative specialist
Someone employed in a creative industry in a creative occupation.

Creative trident
Estimates of national employment in the creative economy and creative industries, separating out creative jobs and non-creative jobs.

Data sources
Federal Statistical Office FSO, National Accounts NA, Structural Business Statistics STATENT, Swiss Labour Force Survey SLFS;
Federal Tax Administration FTA, Value Added Tax VAT statistics

Dynamic mapping
The Dynamic Mapping methodology as originally applied by Nesta to classify the creative economy consists of three stages. First, a set of occupations are identified as creative. Second, the workforce intensity of these occupations is calculated for each industry in the economy. Third, based on the distribution of creative intensity across industries, a threshold intensity is identified, above which all industries are determined to be creative for measure ment purposes and all those below are not. For our analysis, we first had to crosswalk the set of creative occupations identified by Nesta resp. UK’s DCMS to internationally consistent International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) codes.

Location quotient (LQ)
The creative industries employment share of the region relative to the creative industries employment share of the national employment. The maps show how the importance of employment in the creative industries in a region compares with their importance in the country as a whole. Areas that are more darkly shaded in the maps are those where there is a higher proportion of employment in creative industries relative to the Swiss national level (i.e. those with a higher location quotient). An LQ > 1 means the regional workforce is more concentrated than the national one, an LQ = 1 means that the concentration is the same and an LQ < 1 means that it is less concentrated.

General Classification of Economic Activities (NOGA/NACE)

International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO)